روان شناسی و دين

An Investigation of the Relationship between Religious
Attitude and Happiness and Mental Health among Male and Female Students in Azad Islamic University of Behbahan

Kubra Kazemiyan Muqaddam* / Mahnaz Mehrabi-zade Honarmand**

The present research aims at investigating the relationship between religious attitude on one hand and happiness and mental health on the other among students in Azad Islamic University of Behbahan; from among students in Azad Islamic University of Behbahan in 1387-88, 180 students (90 female and 90 male students) were selected through classified random selection. The research devices were as follows: the questionnaire for measuring religious attitude, Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, and questionnaire for measuring mental health (SCL-25). The research design was of correlation type. To analyze the data, besides methods of descriptive statistics, such as mean and standard deviation, methods of inferential statistics such as Pearson's correlation coefficient were also used. The results obtained from Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a positive meaningful relationship at level of p < 0.0001 between religious attitude and happiness of the students in that university. Besides, a positive meaningful relationship between religious attitude and students' mental health was found.

KEY WORDS: religious attitude, happiness, mental health, male and female students.

 

 

An Investigation of Mental Health
and its Relation to Leaning towards Religious Practices among Students of Azad Islamic University/ Shabestar

Majid Zorufi*

The present research aims at an investigation of relationship between leaning towards religious practices and mental health among students of Azad Islamic University of Shabestar through correlation and comparative methods. To analyze the data, table of frequency, mean and standard deviation were used; and to test the hypotheses, Pearson test and mean difference were used. The sample group consisted of 242 subjects selected through simple random method. There is a direct correlation between mental health and the degree of leaning towards religious practice. Here, the strongest relationship is related to stress and the weakest one is related to phobia. There are meaningful differences between two groups of male and female students as to both variables, i.e. mental health and leaning towards religious practice; but there is no meaningful difference between two variables as far as discipline and sex are concerned. Mental health is affected by numerous factors. Among those factors, leaning towards religious practices has meaningful and positive correlation with mental health. The more leaning towards religious practices among students is, the higher their mental health and the less the possibility of mental disorder among them would be. Furthermore, the degree of mental health of female students is higher, as is leaning towards religious practice among male students.

KEY WORDS: mental health, religious practice, students, stress, leaning.

 

 

Belief in Just and Unjust World: "A Look at Differences of Views in Terms of Demographical Variables"

Muhsen Golparvar* / Muhammad Akbari**

The present study aims at stating differences in views of various demographic groups on just and unjust world. The statistical society of the present research is composed of women and men 17 years old and up from Isfahan in 1385 SH. The sample group of the research is composed of 1500 subjects selected from eastern, western, southern and northern parts of the city through multistage random sampling. The device used in the research was Rubin-and-Peplau questionnaire on belief in just world. The data gathered from this questionnaire were analyzed through one-way ANOVA, Shefe Post-hoc testing and T-test of independent groups. The results showed that in different age groups, the 51 years old group and the 41-50 years old and up viewed world as more just than lower age groups, and the 21-30 years old group viewed world as more unjust than 31-40 years old and 41-50 years old subjects.

KEY WORDS: belief in just world, belief in unjust world, age, education, sex, occupation, marital status.

 

 

The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Personality Features of Female Students Studying in Fields of Physical Education and Educative Sciences

Mehrangiz Shoa' Kazemi* / Mehravar Mu'meni Javid**

The present field study deals with investigating the relationship between emotional intelligence and personality features, using a sample group composed of 200 female students in universities of Tehran, selected randomly. It aims at investigating the personality features of two groups of students of humanities, and the effect of emotional intelligence on the personality type. The main hypothesis of the research is that there is a meaningful difference between one's field of study, personality features and emotional intelligence. The research devices were Shiring's questionnaire on emotional intelligent with 33 items and 63% validity, and Neo Personality Inventory with 60 items and 80% validity. In the latter questionnaire, five parameters are measured; these are: neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness.

The research findings suggest a relationship between emotional intelligence and all personality aspects except neuroticism in students of physical education (r = 68%), and a meaningful and positive correlation between emotional intelligence and all personality aspects except openness to experience in students of educative sciences (r = 72%).

In view of the results obtained here, it is inferred that personality features and field of study in students of physical education lead to low level stress, transforming it to positive activities; in students of educative sciences, however, due to lack of physical activities or less opportunity for experience, there is considerable amount of neuroticism or stress.

KEY WORDS: emotional intelligence, personality features, students of physical education and educative sciences

 

 

Constructing a Scale
for Measuring Secularity Based on Religious Texts

Allah Reza Akbari* / Ali Fathi Ashtiani**

The present research aims at constructing a Scale for Measuring Secularity from Islamic point of view. In this research, a valid questionnaire has been prepared using Islamic teachings to be used as a scientific scale for individuals' secularity. In this regard, a 60-item questionnaire was prepared based on parameters of secularity extracted from Quranic verses and Islamic traditions, and was conducted as pretest in a limited scope. Initially, the content validity of this scale was confirmed by ten Islamic scholars; the questionnaire then was conducted in the statistical society (Allama Tabatabaie University, Imam Khomeini Institute, and Office of Islamic Propaganda) composed of 276 subjects. Its validity was at 0.892 through Cronbach's Alpha, at 0.99 through Pearson Correlation method for retest, and 0.955 through split-half method of correlation. The research results in the sample group also shows that secularity in single persons is more than married persons, and in academics more than seminary students.

KEY WORDS: secularity, scale, Islam, psychological signs of secularity, social signs of secularity

 

 

Constructing and Validation

of an Islamic Scale for Marital Satisfaction

Ja'far Jodayri* / Masoud Janbozorgi**

The present research aims at constructing and validating a scale for marital satisfaction based on religious standards. Considering the lack of a valid test for measuring marital satisfaction from religious viewpoint, through which one can assess functions of a Muslim family, the researcher decided to proceed to constructing and validating a scale for marital satisfaction based on religious standards. In view of the goal of the research, 110 students in Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute were selected through random clustering method; they answered two questionnaires: Islamic questionnaire of marital satisfaction and ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale (to assess the validity of Islamic scale for marital satisfaction). The results were analyzed through descriptive statistical methods (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Cronbach Alpha, split-half, the test for meaningfulness of correlation coefficient).

Using the methods for calculating validity and reliability of the questionnaire showed that the Islamic scale for marital satisfaction has a high reliability and validity.

KEY WORDS: validity, reliability, scale, marital satisfaction, Islam

 

 

Psychological Explanaintion the Model of Perfect Man

Abul-Qasem Bashiri*

Presenting any model requires some theoretical bases. Therefore in this paper, firstly the theoretical bases of model of perfect man have been explained. The first basis is related to human nature and his existential capacities. With analysis of human potentialities, it was found that he enjoys a very high capacity in cognitive, attitudinal and functional dimensions, in a way that no other animal is comparable to him. The other basis is determining human's real and final perfection. The elements of the perfect man model obtained through rational and inferential analysis in three realms – cognitive, affective, and behavioral – are as follows: (1) monotheistic insight on the beginning and end of existence and worldly life; (2) monotheistic attitude, i.e. belief in God, resurrection, divine prophets, divine books, angels and supernatural things; (3) man's ability in the realm of behavior and function; (4) sensual virtues in individual and social behaviors; (5) moderation, i.e. harmony among insights, attitudes and voluntary behaviors.

KEY WORDS: model, final perfection, attitude, insight, function

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* Educator in Advisory Department of Azad Islamic University of Behbahan & Member of Young Researchers Club in Behbahan /

** Instructor in Psychology Department in Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz

* Faculty Member of Azad Islamic University/ Shabestar

* Assistant Professor in Faculty of Psychology and Educative Sciences

** MA in Psychology/ Azad Islamic University/ Khurasgan-Isfahan

* Faculty Member of al-Zahra University.

** MA Student of Consultation/ al-Zahra University.

* MA of Psychology

** Professor, Baqiat Allah Medical University.

* MA of Psychology

** Assistant Professor in Research Center of Seminary and University

* Associate Professor in Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute

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Table of Contents

Psychological Explanaintion the Model of Perfect Man / Abul-Qasem Bashiri

Constructing and Validation of an Islamic Scale for Marital Satisfaction / Ja'far Jodayri / Masoud Janbozorgi

Constructing a Scale for Measuring Secularity Based on Religious Texts / Allah Reza Akbar / Ali Fathi Ashtiani

The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Personality Features of Female Students Studying in Fields of Physical Education and Educative Sciences / Mehrangiz Shoa' Kazemi / Mehravar Mu'meni Javid

Belief in Just and Unjust World: "A Look at Differences of Views in Terms of Demographical Variables" / Muhsen Golparvar / Muhammad Akbari

An Investigation of Mental Health and its Relation to Leaning towards Religious Practices among Students . . . / Majid Zorufi

An Investigation of the Relationship between Religious Attitude and Happiness and Mental Health among Male and Female Students in Azad Islamic University of Behbahan / Kubra Kazemiyan Muqaddam / Mahnaz Mehrabi-zade Honarmand

In the name of Allah

Psychology & Religion Vol.2, No.4

A Quarterly Journal of Psychological inquiry Winter 2010

Concessionary: Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute

Manager: Mohammad Naser Saqaie Bi-Ria

Editor in chief:Mohammad Reza Ahmadi

Executive manager: Mahdi Dehghan

Editorial Board:

ª Hujjat-ul Islam Mohammad Reza Ahmadi: Associate Professor, Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute

ª Hujjat-ul Islam Ali Reza Arafi: Head of Research center of the seminary and university

ª Dr. Qulam Ali Afruz: Professor, Tehran University

ª Dr. Muhammad Karim Khoda panahi: Professor, Beheshti University

ª Dr. Parirukh Dadsetan: Professor, Tehran University

ª Hujjat-ul Islam Dr. M. J. Zarean: Associate Professor, Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute

ª Hujjat-ul Islam Dr. N.Saghaye Biria: Associate Professor, Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute

ª Hujjat-ul Islam Dr. Abas Ali Shameli: Associate Professor, Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute

ª Hujjat-ul Islam Seyyid Muhammad Qaravi: Associate Professor, Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute

ª Dr. Ali Fathi Ashtiani: Professor, Baqiat Allah Medical University

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