Ravanshenasi & Din

Homosexuality, as one of the sexual orientations, has increasingly attempted to gain legitimacy in recent decades by appealing to theories such as the “naturalness of homosexuality.” This theory claims that homosexuality is neither a deviation nor a disorder, but rather, like heterosexuality, a natural, instinctive, and unavoidable phenomenon. This study aims to critically examine the theory of the naturalness of homosexuality based on scientific, psychological, and religious analysis. The research method is qualitative content analysis of academic sources in psychology, biology, moral philosophy, and religious texts. The findings reveal that the claim of naturalness faces serious challenges from scientific, psychological, and religious perspectives. From a psychological point of view, homosexuality often results from traumatic developmental experiences. In moral philosophy, the naturalness of an act does not necessarily justify its moral rightness. Moreover, in Islamic teachings, homosexuality is considered a deviation from the divine human nature, and any attempt to legitimize it contradicts Islamic jurisprudence.