Ravanshenasi & Din

Ontological foundations have a direct effect on our attitude to human phenomena and the explanation and analysis of human actions. Everyone has a different attitude towards existence and chooses his goals and life paths based on his or her specific attitude. The main purpose of this paper is to identify the ontological foundations of Islamic psychology and compare it with the ontological foundations of contemporary psychology. The results of this descriptive-analytical research show that Islamic psychology has four general ontological foundations, which are stronger and more logical compared to contemporary psychology. These four foundations are similarity of existence to reality, plurality and variety of levels of existence, purposefulness of the world of existence, and lawfulness of the world of existence.