Ravanshenasi & Din

This study aimed to develop and validate an Islamic-based temperament assessment scale and provide evidence for its convergent validity using Cattell’s Sixteen Personality Factor (16PF) model. A mixed-methods design was employed. In the qualitative phase, directed content analysis of Islamic texts and traditional Persian medicine sources was conducted to identify the components of temperament and develop the scale items. Content validity was evaluated by ten experts using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI). In the quantitative phase, the scale was administered to 446 participants. Construct validity was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis, reliability was examined using Cronbach’s alpha and the split-half method, and evidence for convergent validity was obtained by correlating temperament dimensions with Cattell’s 16 personality factors in 115 counseling center clients. The final instrument consisted of a physical checklist (24 domains) and a psychological questionnaire (102 items). Content validity was excellent (CVR = 0.97; CVI = 0.91), the proposed six-factor structure was confirmed, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranged from 0.72 to 0.83. Temperament dimensions were significantly associated with most 16PF factors, except Factors B (Reasoning) and G (Rule-Consciousness), whereas among the second-order factors only Self-Control showed no significant association. These findings indicate that the scale demonstrates satisfactory psychometric properties and provides evidence supporting its convergent validity for use in clinical assessment, counseling, and personality research.