Ravanshenasi & Din

Considering Snyder's presentation of the constituent components of "hope" construct in non-Iranian-Islamic context, the aim of this research is to restore and complete Snyder's "hope" model in Iranian Shiite communities based on the grounded theory. To this purpose, the qualitative approach and grounded method were chosen. 37 Shia youths were selected by "purposive sampling" and "snowball" methods, and semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with them. The interviews continued until data saturation was reached. The findings of the research show that the construct of "hope" in Shiite youth has four main components and twenty sub-components: 1. Divine and clear goal setting (the purpose of life: the pleasure of Allah and happiness in the hereafter, paying attention to the importance and results of goals, setting objective and clear goals, setting challenging and realistic goals, setting goals step by step, setting inclination-oriented and positive goals, process approach rather than product approach); 2. Internal motivation (feeling a "psychological-spiritual" need, interest in the goal, modeling, adaptability and flexibility); 3. Positive attitude (positivity towards the future, feeling empowered, lofty hope); 4. Resourcefulness (problem solving skills, getting social support, getting help from divine issues, planning, dealing with obstacles, effort). Compared with Snyder's "hope" construct and Khaliliyan’s "hope" construct based on Islamic sources, the construct of "hope" in young Shiite Muslims based on "grounded theory" has more complete components. Therefore, the results of this research have provided a more suitable ground for the development of a local hope questionnaire and also for the development of psychological and spiritual training programs on hope.