Ravanshenasi & Din

Intolerance of uncertainty is a psychological construct that plays a fundamental role in the formation and persistence of generalized anxiety disorder. In the present basic research, using a qualitative approach within the framework of conceptual modeling based on Islamic texts, the conceptual cycle of the pathology of intolerance of uncertainty was developed based on religious teachings. Data were collected through documentary methods. The proposed model, which was validated by seven experts in Islamic sciences and psychology using the Content Validity Index (CVI), shows that 'ignorance of God' and 'lack of perception of monotheistic realities' are fundamental components in the formation of negative beliefs about uncertain situations (lack of optimism); beliefs that lead to threatening interpretations of ambiguous situations and result in the emergence of symptoms of intolerance of uncertainty. This construct, in its cognitive dimension, is associated with doubt, dissatisfaction with divine decree, lack of trust (tawakkul), and constriction of the chest (dhiq al-sadr). Individuals resort to maladaptive and extreme strategies to manage their worry, the ineffectiveness of which creates a cycle of worry that leads to consequences such as negative thoughts, reduced performance, and physiological symptoms of anxiety. Explaining the pathological cycle of intolerance of uncertainty requires attention to the role of religious components and the use of a conceptual model that analyzes the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions of this construct based on Islamic teachings.