Ravanshenasi & Din

Contemporary psychology identifies heredity, environment, the interaction between heredity and environment, as well as free will, as factors influencing human development. On the other hand, Islamic teachings consider humans to have a unique and special creation and introduce changes in them, alongside the aforementioned factors, as arising from the nature of their creation, or what is termed fitrah (innate disposition). The aim of the present study, while acknowledging the role of metaphysical factors such as God, angels, and Satan, is solely to explain the role of fitrah in human psychological development and transformations within the framework of Islamic sources. This research, conducted using a descriptive-analytical method, studied and analyzed the factors influencing human development by relying on psychological sources and Islamic sources (including verses and narrations). To this end, first, psychological perspectives on the factors of human psychological transformations were collected and categorized; then, Quranic verses, credible commentaries, and Islamic narrations were consulted; subsequently, the factors influencing human development from the perspective of Islamic sources were subjected to content analysis and summarized. The findings of the research showed: first, that psychologists limit the factors influencing human psychological development to four factors: heredity, environment, the interaction between heredity and environment, and will; second, from the perspective of Islamic sources, in addition to these four factors, the factor of fitrah also influences human psychological development and transformations, a factor that has not been addressed in contemporary psychology.