روان شناسی و دين

A Review of Self-Control Construct according to Islamic Thought

Hamid Rafiei Honar / PhD student of general psychology , IKI   hamidrafii2@gmail.com                       

Masud Janbozorgi / Associate professor of psychology department, Seminary and University Research Center                                   

Abbas Pasandideh / Assistant professor of ethic and psychological research center, Hadith Science Research Center                             

Sayed Kazem Rasul Zadeh Tabatabaee / Associate professor of psychology department, Tarbiat Modares University                      

Received: 2013/11/19 - Accepted: 2014/04/22

Abstract

This research aims at explaining and analyzing self-control according to two psychological and Islamic approaches and proposes a self-control construct based on Islamic thought. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytical and correlational. The finding of research shows that in psychology literature self-control has a kind of relation with several terms. Self-control is grouped under two concepts: self-discipline and practical self-functioning and it is equivalent to such concepts like will power, self discipline, abstinence and self-management. Such concepts like satisfaction delay, transcendence and lack of response are among its features and components. The Islamic self-control construct has two levels: the first consists of two components, "cognition" and "deterrence" which are elicited from two concepts: intellect and virtue. The second level has seven components: self monitoring, goal recognition, stimulating component, behavioral restraint, cognitive restraint, emotional restraint and continuity restraint. The justifiability of the content of the mentioned construct is confirmed by religious experts, and the correlation coefficient of their views at the level of ALFA.\001 is meaningful.

Key words: self-control, self-discipline, Islamic structure, self- restraint, will, self-management.

Recognition and Analysis of Values among PhD Students

Mansoor Beyrami / Associate professor of psychology department, Tabriz University                                    sina_shafiei@tabrizu.ac.ir

@ Sina Shafiʻi Sorak / PhD student of educational psychology, Tabriz University                                     

Received: 2013/06/06 - Accepted: 2013/11/22

Abstract

Using a phenomenological method, the present paper seeks to recognize what values PhD students have, compare them with the usual standards, and elaborate on possible differences. The sample includes 14 male students from different departments in Tabriz University. They restated their values in an unprepared interview. The data were analyzed by a method proposed by Emmitt & et al. (1999). The variables obtained from this study are moral values, religious values, family values, social values, material values, national values, altruism, personal progress, helpfulness, expressing real self, self-respect and security. The research findings confirm the existence of favorable variables in the value system of PhD student in the society. Furthermore, they show that PhD students’ values are different from those proposed by the usual standards. Therefore, these standards lack the necessary efficiency for measuring the values of the aforementioned group. The obtained results can be useful for higher education system and for the institutes which need people holding higher education degrees.

Key words: value system, PhD students, phenomenology. 

The Effect of Integrated Monotheistic
Therapy on the Aggression Level of the Prisoners in Qom

Sayeed Mohammad Ali Mohammadi / MA in general psychology, Isfahan University s.kehangi@yahoo.com

Mohammad BagherKajbaf / Associate Professor of psychology Department, Isfahan University          

Mohmmad Reza Abedi / Associate Professor of psychology Department, Isfahan University                 

Received: 2013/08/05- Accepted: 2014/01/10

Abstract

The present paper seeks to investigate the effect of integrated monotheistic therapy on the aggression level of the prisoners in the Central Qom Prison. To this end, the samples were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. From the whole statistical population, 30 people were randomly selected and divided into two groups; experimental and control (15 people each). The experimental group underwent group therapy over eight nine-minute sessions on the basis of integrated monotheistic therapy with the aim of decreasing behavioral aggression. The control group was given no examination. Immediately after the therapy sessions, a post test and two month later a follow-up test were administered. The data were analyzed by using SPSS software. The results of co-variance analysis show that the integrated monotheistic therapy causes significant decrease in aggression among the testees in the stages of post and follow-up test. (P < 0/01).

Key words: integrated monotheistic therapy, aggression, prisoners.

A Comparative Study of the Behavioral Problems of Children from Single-Child Families and Two-Child Families

@ Seyyed ʻAbbas Satooriyan / MA of family psychology, IKI                                sabbas61@gmail.com

Karineh Tahmasiyan / Assistant professor of family Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University        

Mohammad Reza Ahmadi / Assistant professor of psychology department, IKI                                     

Received: 2014/01/21- Accepted: 2014/06/06

Abstract

This research is a cause-oriented and comparative study. It is concerned with the degree of internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems of the primary school students from single child-families and those from two-child families in Yazd. The research was conducted on 308 students in a grade ranging of first to the sixth primary school. They study in schools in Yazd including (163 from single-child families and 145 from two-child families and are a compiled by their parents. They were randomly selected through a cluster-sampling method. A child behavior checklist (CBCL) and demography information form were used in the survey. The results of the one-way analysis of Variance Test show confirm the significance of the difference in the average of behavioral problems -including internalizing and externalizing problems-between those from single- child families and those from two-child families. The findings show that the average of the behavioral problems including internalizing and externalizing problems- which those from two-child families have is lower and their conditions are much better than those from single- child families.

Keywords: behavioral problems, internalizing, externalizing, single child, two-child, children.

The Relationship of the Variables
of Observing Hijab with Self-awareness and Sanity

@ Mohammad Zarei Topkhaneh \ MA student of psychology, IKI               mohammad358z@yahoo.com

Sayedeh Khadije Moradiani Gizeroud \ MA student of Educational psychology, Allameh Tabatabaee Universit               

Abbasali Haratiyan \ MA student of psychology, IKI                                         a.haratiyan@gmail.com

Received: 2013/09/11 - Accepted: 2014/02/14

Abstract

This research seeks to investigate the relationship of the variables of observing Hijab with self-awareness and sanity. The statistical population is a number of students of Robat Karim high schools for girls. The sample content of the research is 385 students who were chosen randomly through a cluster-sampling method. The research instrument is a questionnaire with 21 items about observing Hijab, a questionnaire with 25 items about self-awareness and a questionnaire with 28 items about sanity. The research is a qualitative correlational study. The data have been analyzed according to Pearson and regression's binary variables simultaneously. The results of the data analysis show that there is relationship between the three variables: religious commitment, self-awareness and sanity, and increasing adherence to Hijab is correlated with the improvement of self-awareness and rise of the grade of society health. Also, adherence to Hijab and self-awareness can show 14/30% of sanity's variance.

Key words: Hijab cover, self-image, sanity.

The Relationship of the Perceived Child-rearing Methods with the Inconsistent Primary Schemas and Religious Orientation

Maryam Haji Kazem Tehrani \ MA student in family psychology, science and culture university

                           m_tehrani1@yahoo.com

Masume Ismaeli \ Assistant professor of Allameh Tabatabaee university                                                  

Ali Fathi Ashtiyani \ Professor of Baqiyatallah Medical university                           afa1337@gmail.com

Received: 2013/10/13- Accepted: 2014/02/18

Abstract

This research seeks to investigate the relationship of perceived child-rearing methods with the inconsistent primary schemas and religious orientation. To this end, 300 second and third-year students were selected from a high school for girls through a category cluster-sampling method and were asked to complete questionnaires on Schaefer's parent behavioral dimensions, short form of Young's first inconsistent schemas and Allport's religious orientation. Multiple Pearson and regression's statistical correlation coefficient were used for analyzing the data. The results show that the method of child-rearing with love dominating dimension is a meaningful predictor of the lower levels of inconsistent primary schemas of emotional deprivation, social isolation, alienation, deficiency, shame, dependency, inadequacy, unability to develop oneself, being involved, submission, emotional dissuasion, intransigently criteria, excessive fault-finding and extreme care, inadequate self-discipline, external religious orientation and higher degrees of internal religious orientations. The results also show that the method of child-rearing with control dominating dimension is a meaningful predictor of the lower levels of inconsistent primary schemas of emotional deprivation, distrust, illtreatment, deficiency, shame, obedience and self-sacrifice.

Key words:  methods of child-rearing, inconsistent primary schemas, religious orientation.           

The Relationship of Spiritual Well-being
and Hope with Life Satisfaction among the Aged

Abulqasim Ya'qubi / Associate professor of psychology department,Bu Ali,University                          

Hossein Mohagheghi / Assistant Professor of Psychology Department, Bu Ali,University                      

Fariba Monazami Tabar / Ph.D Student of Bu Ali, University                   fmonazamitabar@yahoo.com

Received: 2013/08/15- Accepted: 2014/01/10

Abstract

The present paper seeks to investigate the relationship of spiritual well-being and hope with life satisfaction among the aged. Based on a descriptive-correlative approach, this study was conducted on 85 people (46 men and 39 women) from the old folks' homes in Hamadan and Malayer. They completed questionnaires about spiritual well-being, hope, and life satisfaction. The results which were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test and regression analysis show that the relationship of spiritual well-being (r=0.65) and hope (r=0.45) with life satisfaction is significant (p<0.01). Furthermore, the results of regression analysis show that spiritual well-being and hope can explain %40 of the variance of the life satisfaction of the aged. The mean of the variables of hope (t=2.03, p<0.05) among men was greater than those among women. Besides, no significant difference between these two groups was detected with regard to other subscales. The results also show that the relationship of spiritual well-being and hope with the life satisfaction of the aged is positive and significant. These two variables explain a considerable portion of variance of life satisfaction.

Key words: life satisfaction, spiritual well-being, hope, the aged.