روان شناسی و دين

Psychological thoughts, like other thoughts, are based on foundations. Among these, epistemological foundations are of particular importance. The aim of this research is to examine one of the most important instances of these foundations, namely the principle of the possibility of knowing reality in the thought of phenomenological psychologists. This study, which was organized using a descriptive-analytical method and by relying on sources in psychology and epistemology, after analyzing the basis for the possibility of knowing reality from their perspective, has examined the implications of this viewpoint with a critical approach. The findings of the research show that exclusivism regarding the sources of knowledge leads to the impossibility of accessing the entire reality as it truly is. Although phenomenology in the field of psychology, logically, has implications such as epistemological relativism and, consequently, skepticism in knowledge and the impossibility of real teaching and learning, the behavioral performance of phenomenological psychologists is not consistent with this theoretical foundation. In contrast to phenomenology, based on the selected viewpoint, knowing reality-in-itself, as appropriate to the case, through rational, transmitted, intuitive, or empirical methods, whether directly or indirectly, is possible for humans.